نشریه مطالعات قدرت نرم
پیاپی 31 (زمستان 1401)

Explanation Jihad is a term that Imam Khamenei(Madazaleh Al-Ali) put forward to deal with the soft war against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The jihad of explanation means the correct expression of facts, guiding minds, answering questions and ambiguities, which have been injected into the Islamic society by the enemy and created a dusty atmosphere on the ruling society. In the meantime, what is emphasized is the role of elites, especially students, in this field of struggle. In this regard, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategic mission of students in the Jihad of explanation. The current research is among the combined researches. The statistical population of this research is the collection of Imam Khamenei's statements from the beginning of his leadership period from 1368 to 1401, which were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. The reliability of the data was checked and confirmed using the Holsti method and the validity of the data using(CVI) and(CVR). The findings of the research showed that in order to achieve success in Jihad, it is necessary to explain the prerequisites and requirements. which were counted and identified in 4 categories of Jihadi management and work, ethical conduct, stewardship and cultivation and self-improvement. Also, based on the findings of the research, the mission of the students was identified and categorized in 5 categories of insight, transformation, hope creation, transformation and awareness.

Political culture is a collection of ideals, attitudes, and more or less fixed ways of dealing with power and politics, which influence people's symbols, values, and beliefs, and are formed in the text of history and their collection, and give to the behaviors and interactions of cinema. The existing political system gives directions. Soft power and having others want what you want. It means that people are not forced to do something, but to cooperate. The purpose of this research is to explain the indicators of soft power in Iran's political culture from the elites' point of view. The research method is mixed. The statistical population was purposefully selected in the qualitative section of 30 people, and in the quantitative section, 140 people were selected from political science professors of universities in Tehran province. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part and a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part. Validity and reliability have been confirmed by form and content and Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis by Friedman ranking is acceptable. The findings of this research showed that; The soft power indicators of Iran's political culture from the elites' point of view can be presented in three dimensions, six components, and 43 separate indicators.

Deterrence has more meaning in the military field and is less used in the field of media, and concepts such as soft power are usually repeated in media literature. However, deterrence was analyzed on two levels in this article: the internal level, which suggests that radio and television should take advantage of creativity and the production of up-to-date content so as not to lose internal audiences, and at the external level, what is important about deterrence is paying attention to proper functioning. It is cross-border networks that how many of them can indicate the correct output of that deterrence. The most important strategy to deal with the media war against the Islamic Republic of Iran can be considered to be increasing the trust of the national media audience by responding to their needs in the field of information, various events and increasing the trust of the national media audience. Sedavsima can do better by adopting a policy of protecting the audience from the adverse effects of satellite networks, instead of trying to throw them away or leave them completely free. One of the most important solutions is to increase the trust of the audience towards the national media by providing comprehensive, accurate, unbiased news and information and responding to the recent needs of the audience by continuously evaluating the needs of different social groups. The research method used in this study was descriptive-analytical.

The emergence of new types of threats against national security with technological approaches has changed the strategies to deal with them in all dimensions. The aim of this research is to evaluate the strategies of protecting the religious community against the diverse and wide spectrum of threats against national security, focusing on religious indicators and components that distinguish it from other materialistic and atheistic schools. After describing the variables and stating the relationship between threats and security, he urged the researchers to list the most important challenges ahead, and present the principles and foundations derived from religious texts according to the types of threats. The findings of the research showed that according to the structure and nature of religious sovereignty, "ideological, cultural and combined technology-based" threats against national security are the most important aspects of threats that require quantitative and qualitative changes in protection structures in order to protect sovereignty and its values. , the new forms and tools of threats are in accordance with Sharia law, which with "spontaneous action of citizens", "strengthening beliefs and enhancing the sense of religious and national commitment" and "implementing religious teachings regarding modern collective responsibility" as a positive strategy to preserve society. are considered

The purpose of this article is to analyze the position of foreign policy in the statement of the second step of the revolution, which the Supreme Leader issued to the Iranian nation on 22 February 2018. In this statement, "national honor, foreign relations, and demarcation with the enemy" are proposed as soft power as branches of the principle of "honor, integrity, and expediency" that guides the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic.The main question of the article is raised as follows: "What is the position of national honor in foreign relations as soft power in the declaration of the second step of the Islamic Revolution?" The hypothesis of the article is formulated as follows: "National honor in foreign relations and demarcation with the enemy is a soft power arising from the principle of independence and freedom in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic, with national honor in foreign relations, the principle of independence and freedom institutionalized in The second step of the revolution will be more stable.The findings of the article, which were extracted with the qualitative method and content analysis of the Supreme Leader's statements, especially in the statement of the second step, as well as other related statements from the database of the office of preservation and publication of his works and analyzed with reliable scientific sources , indicate that a series of developments in the West Asian region have led to The regional supremacy of the Islamic Republic has become and by maintaining

The purpose of this study was to Soft power and business model of technology-oriented organizations active in the field of renewable energy. The purpose of this study was to Soft power and business model of technology-oriented organizations active in the field of renewable energy. Quantitative research method and number of samples were selected using Cochran's formula 337 people. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS software. The results showed that fourteen components are involved in explaining the model of presenting the model of educational strategies affecting the renewable energy business model, which are: key partners, key activities, revenue stream, key-physical resources, key-intellectual resources, key resources - Human resources, value-brand, value-moving at the edge of science and technology, value-price, value-on-time delivery and easy access, customer relations, customer sector, distribution channels, and finally costs and structure .

The present article seeks to explain the relationship between soft warfare and cultural security in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The author's main question is sometimes how soft warfare plays a role in undermining cultural security. Acculturalization, dissemination and imposition of lifestyle, alienation and incitement of generational gaps using media tools help to transform cultural security Findings show that based on the theoretical framework presented in this article, cultural security is the product of adaptation It is between the three levels of elites, the people and the government, and the incompatibility and lack of planning between these three levels is the source of cultural insecurity and epistemological instability. Strengthening the elites, including religious, political and cultural elites, play an important role in deepening the forms of values and beliefs and turning them into behavioral symbols, shaping the mentality and behavior of the people of the society in providing cultural security.

"The contribution of the hearts" which is specified in verse 60 of Surah Towba, like other divine commands, has goals and wisdom, the investigation of which is the solution to many religious, economic, social and political issues of the Islamic system and society, and a soft power for Advancing its goals is considered. In this article, the wisdom and goals of this ruling have been investigated using the descriptive analytical method and citing the library sources, using the traditions and opinions of commentators and jurists of the Islamic world.From their point of view, the goals and wisdom of the legislation of Sahem Taalif Qulub are: to incline the hearts to Islam, to stabilize weak-minded Muslims, to incline the border dwellers to repel enemies and to attract the support of various individuals and groups in line with religious and national interests. On the other hand, there is no doubt that financial bribery to make people religious cannot be approved by Islam. Therefore, the aforementioned goals must be returned to two cases so that the suspicion of paying money for the purpose of greed is not raised; First, attracting love for the benefit of Islam and Muslims, and second: "creating a spiritual foundation" for leaning towards Islam.

The cultural -social power is derived from the population, ideology, national spirit, culture and national cohesion. These factors play a key role in the defense power of a country and explaining the policies, doctrines and security-security strategies. One of the main components of national power is military power, which requires the existence of fundamental and guidance or doctrine rules that help this power achieve political goals. In other words, the military doctrine is a set of principles and ideas that analyze the national and international environment according to the conditions of the national, regional and international environment for the use of military forces and appropriate methods according to environmental conditions for the environmental conditions for the environmental conditions for the environment. It is recommended to take general defense measures in peace and war. This article seeks to formulate the role of socio -cultural factors in the formulation of military doctrine. Research is an applied type of development, and a contextual case research method. The statistical population of this study is 480 and the sample size of 86 employed and retired scholars in political, military, cultural -social, economic affairs selected by random, class. The results of this study indicate that the indicators of social cultural power, including populations, ideology, national spirit, culture, and national cohesion are the most effective in the country and are the most appropriate type of military doctrine according to the Islamic Republic of Iran's social cultural factors and cultural practices.

In the new era, virtual media are becoming big empires and virtual space is the space of great powers. The logic and environment of war, traditionally based on the logic and environment of war, has been transformed in the virtual space. If before, the logic of winning the war was traditional, having more physical forces and physical tools. (Although this logic is still strong and weak), but without a doubt, the emergence of the virtual environment has caused a fundamental change and formation in this logic. This space has created power as soft power and this technology has made many fields of confrontation different from the past. in such a way that every soft action is supported by soft power; In such a way that soft power is necessary and necessary for each other. The Islamic Republic of Iran has a soft power base whose foundations are formed by its leadership, Iranian and Islamic culture and identity, connected and organized masses that have a high ability to integrate and mobilize, virtual space has served the opposition front of the Islamic Revolution. The present article was carried out with the aim of the role of virtual space in increasing soft power (case study: Islamic Republic of Iran) with descriptive-analytical method and using library resources.

America's strategy against Iran has been based on changing the political system since the beginning of the victory of the Iranian Islamic Revolution. America's interventionist approach intensified in the Middle East after September 11, 2001 and caused the security of the region of countries such as Iran. Islamic Republic of Iran seeks to maximize its smart power in the Middle East in order to neutralize it. The main goal of this article is to find the examine the impact of the coercive diplomacy of the United States of America on the formation of the smart power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East. It is from September 11.The main question of this article is what effect has the coercive diplomacy of the United States of America had on the smart power of Iran? The research method is descriptive and analytical. The findings of the article show that coercive diplomacy of the United States of America has caused; Activate the power capacities of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the form of smart power to and threats and turn this into a regional power far from isolation in the Middle East. Among these capacities, in the field of smart power, it can be mentioned to inspire the Islamic awakening movements in the region, the axis of resistance as an anti-containment strategy, the role and effectiveness of GeneralSoleimani.

In this article, the discourse of reformism, as a sub-discourse in front of the discourse of the Islamic revolution, has created a new threat to the Islamic system since the mid-seventies. This discourse, which was formed based on western views, spread in the country's political atmosphere and resulted in two views of reforms with an American reading and reforms with a religious attitude being opposed to each other in the political and media circles and became the source of various debates. Meanwhile, the Supreme Leader's entry into this category has a special place in clarifying the conflict between these two views. This is while the word "reformation" has a high position in religious and Islamic teachings, and according to Martyr Motahari, reformism is an Islamic spirit.that every Muslim is a reformist and at least a supporter of reformism by virtue of being a Muslim, whether he likes it or not, therefore, in this article, the speech of His Holiness in this regard has been analyzed in the form of a strategic model including: purpose, necessity, principles, policy, strategy, and examples. It has been explained